Classical music is a refined and formal musical tradition that has evolved from the folk and indigenous music of various cultures. It is characterised by its structured compositions, use of notation, and emphasis on aesthetic principles. While often associated with the Western world, classical music traditions exist globally, each with unique characteristics and histories.
Table of Contents
Classical Music
Origins and Evolution
Classical music often originates from the folk music traditions of a region, refined over time by scholars and musicians. These traditions were formalised through the development of musical theories and systems, such as the raga system in Indian classical music or the modal system in Western medieval music. In the Western context, the term “classical music” specifically refers to a period from approximately 1750 to 1820, encompassing composers like Haydn and Mozart.
Global Classical Traditions
Classical music is not confined to the Western world. Many cultures have their own classical traditions:
Indian Classical Music: Divided into Hindustani (North Indian) and Carnatic (South Indian) traditions, it is based on ragas (melodic frameworks) and talas (rhythmic cycles).
Chinese Classical Music: Features instruments like the guzheng and erhu, with compositions often reflecting philosophical and poetic themes.
Persian Classical Music: Centred around the Dastgah system, it emphasises improvisation and emotional expression.
Japanese Classical Music: Includes gagaku (court music) and shakuhachi (bamboo flute) performances, characterised by their meditative qualities.
These traditions, while distinct, share a common emphasis on structured forms, theoretical frameworks, and the transmission of knowledge through generations.
Relationship with Folk Music
Classical music often has deep roots in folk traditions. Composers have historically drawn inspiration from folk melodies, rhythms, and themes, integrating them into more formal compositions. For instance, the raga “Bhairavi” in Indian classical music has connections to folk tunes from the Punjab region. Similarly, Western composers like Bartók and Dvořák incorporated Eastern European folk elements into their works .
Modern Developments
In recent times, classical music has continued to evolve, embracing cross-cultural influences and contemporary themes. Composers and musicians are blending traditional classical elements with modern genres, leading to innovative compositions that resonate with diverse audiences. This fusion has expanded the reach and relevance of classical music in the global context.
Classical music, in its various forms around the world, represents the pinnacle of musical refinement and expression. Rooted in folk traditions and shaped by cultural, philosophical, and artistic influences, it continues to evolve, reflecting the dynamic nature of human creativity.
List of classical music of all countries or cultures currently in vogue:
*
Opera by country (36 C, 21 P)
A
Classical music in Afghanistan (1 C, 5 P)
Classical music in Albania (2 C)
Classical music in Algeria (1 C)
Classical music in Australia (16 C, 13 P)
Classical music in Austria (39 C, 1 P)
Classical music in Azerbaijan (2 C, 1 P)
B
Classical music in Belarus (1 C)
Classical music in Belgium (3 C)
Classical music in Brazil (1 C, 1 P)
C
Classical music in Canada (5 C, 16 P)
Classical music in China (7 C)
Classical music in Cuba (1 C, 5 P)
Classical music in Croatia (2 C, 4 P)
D
Classical music in Denmark (9 C, 3 P)
E
Classical music in Estonia (5 C, 1 P)
F
Classical music in Finland (1 C)
Classical music in France (113 C, 5 P)
G
Classical music in Germany (13 C, 5 P)
Classical music in Greece (3 C, 1 P)
H
Classical music in Hungary (1 C, 1 P)
I
Indian Classical Music
Classical music in Iraq (1 C)
Classical music in Ireland (11 C, 9 P)
Classical music in Israel (5 C, 7 P)
Classical music in Italy (14 C, 1 P)
J
Classical music in Japan (11 C, 4 P)
K
Classical music in Kazakhstan (3 C)
Classical music in Korea (3 C)
Classical music in North Korea (1 C)
Classical music in South Korea (2 C, 1 P)
L
Classical music in Latvia (3 C, 1 P)
M
Classical music in Moldova (1 C)
N
Classical music in the Netherlands (3 C)
Classical music in New Zealand (3 C)
Classical music in Norway (1 C)
P
Classical music in Poland (2 C)
R
Classical music in Romania (3 C, 2 P)
Classical music in Russia (41 C, 3 P)
S
Classical music in Serbia (1 C)
Classical music in South Africa (2 P)
Classical music in Spain (16 C, 2 P)
Classical music in Sweden (5 C, 4 P)
T
Classical music in Turkey (2 C)
Classical music in Turkmenistan (1 C)
U
Classical music in Ukraine (7 C, 5 P)
Classical music in the United Kingdom (16 C, 35 P)
Classical music in the United States (24 C, 23 P)
Y
Classical music in Yugoslavia (1 C)